Composting Made Dirt Simple: What’s Hot (and Not) for Your Pile
Composting is one of the most eco-friendly ways to improve your garden soil while reducing household waste. By turning organic scraps into nutrient-rich humus, you’re feeding your plants and helping the environment at the same time. But not everything belongs in the compost bin. Here's a guide to what you should and shouldn't compost—and why—with tips sourced from trusted experts.
The Benefits of Composting
Composting enriches soil, boosts plant health, and helps retain moisture. It also reduces the need for chemical fertilizers and minimizes landfill waste. Whether you’re a beginner or an experienced gardener, a solid composting routine can elevate your gardening game.
What to Compost
The key to successful composting is maintaining a balance of greens (nitrogen-rich materials) and browns (carbon-rich materials). Greens provide the moisture and nutrients necessary for decomposition, while browns supply structure and aeration.
Greens (Nitrogen-Rich Materials):
Fruit and Vegetable Scraps: Apple cores, banana peels, and carrot tops break down quickly and add nutrients to your compost.
Coffee Grounds and Filters: High in nitrogen, coffee grounds are perfect for compost. Don’t forget the filter if it’s compostable!
Grass Clippings: Fresh lawn clippings decompose quickly but should be layered thinly to avoid matting.
Tea Bags: Make sure the bags are free from synthetic materials.
Browns (Carbon-Rich Materials):
Dry Leaves: These are an excellent source of carbon and help prevent your compost from becoming too wet.
Cardboard and Paper: Shredded cardboard and uncoated paper can be composted but avoid glossy prints.
Wood Chips and Sawdust: Use untreated wood only and add in small amounts to avoid imbalance.
What NOT to Compost
Adding the wrong materials can attract pests, slow down decomposition, or even harm your plants. Here’s what to keep out:
Problematic Organic Materials:
Meat, Fish, and Dairy: These items can attract rodents and produce foul odors.
Greasy or Oily Foods: These materials don’t break down easily and can cause unpleasant smells.
Toxic or Harmful Substances:
Treated Wood and Painted Materials: Chemicals from treatments can leach into your compost and soil.
Weeds with Seeds: If your compost doesn’t get hot enough, weed seeds can survive and sprout in your garden.
Other Items to Avoid:
Pet Waste: Cat and dog feces can carry pathogens harmful to humans.
Synthetic Materials: Plastic, styrofoam, and other man-made materials won’t break down.
Tips for Successful Composting
Maintain Balance: Aim for a 2:1 ratio of browns to greens to ensure proper decomposition and avoid unpleasant odors.
Turn Your Pile: Regularly aerating your compost speeds up the breakdown process and prevents anaerobic conditions.
Choose the Right System: Consider your space and needs when selecting a composting method, whether it’s a backyard bin, tumbler, or vermicomposting setup.
Closing Thoughts
Composting is a rewarding practice that turns waste into a valuable resource for your garden. By following these guidelines and tips, you’ll create a thriving compost pile and enjoy healthier, more vibrant plants. Happy composting!